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TERMINOLOGY |
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Here are name of some of the techniques and terms normally used in Karate listed in Japanese language and explained in English.
NUMBERS
| Ichi | Ni | San | Shi | Go | Roku | Sichi | Hachi | Ku | Ju |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
COMMON TERM
| JAPANESE | DESCRIPTION | JAPANESE | DESCRIPTION |
|---|---|---|---|
| Karate | Empty hand | Karate-do | The way of karate |
| Sensei | Instructor | Samurai | Warrior |
| Bushido | Code of the warior | Budo | Martial Arts |
| Dojo | Training hall | Gi | Training suit |
| Obi | Belt | Lei | Bow |
| Oohs | Greeting | Hikite | Retract arm |
| Kiai | Yell | Shomen-ni-lei | Bow to the front |
| Sensei-ni-lei | Bow to senior instructor | Shihan-ni-lei | Bow to master |
| Otaga-ni-lei | Bow to each other | Sempei-ni-lei | Bow to senior |
| Yame | Stop | Yoi | Ready |
| Hajime | Start | Yasume | Rest |
| Kyu | Grades other than black belt (e.g. 6th kyu = white belt, etc. | Dan | Black belt degrees or levels |
| Shomen | Front | Gedan | Lower |
| Chudan | Middle | Jodan | Upper |
| Mokuso | Meditation | Seiza | Formal sitting position |
| Ki | Internal power | Kime | Focus |
| Tanden | Lower abdomen | Zanshin | State of mind and body - calm but fully aware. |
| Kata | Pre-arranged fighting forms | Kihon kumite | Basic pre-arrranged fighting practice |
| Jiyu ippon kumite | One-step free-style fighting practice | Jiyu kumite | Free sparring |
| Ippon kumite | One point free-style sparring | Sanbon Kumite | Three point free-style sparring |
TECHNIQUES - BASIC (WHITE AND YELLOW BELTS)
| Blocks (Uke) | Punches (Tsuki) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Harai uke | Downward block | Shomen tsuki | Basic front punch |
| Yoko uke | Inside middle block | Gyaku tsuki | Reverse punch |
| Jodan uke | Upper block | Oi tsuki | Lunge punch |
| Sukui uke | Scooping block | ||
| Shuto uke | Knife-hand block | ||
| Hand strikes (Uchi) | Kicks (Geri) | ||
| Shuto | Knife-hand strike | Mae (Shomen) geri | Front kick |
| Uraken | Back fist strike (jab) | Sukuto geri | Side kick |
| Empi uchi | Forearm elbow strike | Mawashi geri | Roundhouse kick |
| Ura uchi | Back fist | ||
| Stances (Dachi) | |||
| Heisoku dachi | Attention | ||
| Shizen dachi | Natural stance | ||
| Shiko dachi | Sumo stance | ||
| Zenkutsu dachi | Forward stance | ||
| Neko ashi dachi | Cat stance | ||
| Sanchin dachi | Inward tension stance | ||
| Musube dachi | Informal attention | ||
| Kiba dachi | Straddle (horse) stance |